The use of high-resolution microscopic imaging is continuously increasing in engineering, material science, medical, natural science, and other fields. In many applications, the characterization of surfaces requires spatial resolution of nanometres or lower. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), although a relatively newly developed technique, has now become a powerful technology for characterization of the surface of materials down to the atomic scale. AFM can be used to obtain nanoscale chemical, mechanical (elastic modulus, stiffness, viscoelastic, frictional), electrical, magnetic properties and many more information. In comparison with other microscopy techniques, AFM offers low cost, simplicity in operation, and imaging capability to atomic resolution. It is a powerful non-destructive analytical technique which can be used in air, liquid, or vacuum.

In life science AFM shows spatial ability for Biology, Dentistry, Dermatology, Microbiology, Pathology, Pharmaceutical, Stem cells, Veterinary medicine, Immunology, Electrophysiology and …

AFM applications in this science fields are studying surface structure, Quantitative measurements, Dissolution of crystal surfaces, Measurement of nanostructures, Visualization of membrane structural features, Intermolecular interaction, Evaluating interactions, Analysing material, Studying colloidal systems, Rheological properties, Detect the surface of living cells up to the single molecular, Structural evolution, studies of cellular mechanics, Intercellular interactions, Investigation of Cancer diagnosis and prognosis, Drug Polymorphic characterization, Targeting drug delivery, Crystallization liquor and drug forms, physicochemical and mechanical processes, Microstructural observation, measurement of living cells nanorheology and many more undiscovered applications.